Chemical composition, phytochemical, mineral composition, energy value and functional properties of bitter leaf vernonia amygdalina and basil leaf ocimum gratissimum were determined according to aoac 2010 method. In vivo biochemical assessment of aqueous extracts of. Comparative study of proximate, mineral and phytochemical. Vernonia amygdalina va is a tropical african plant of the asteraceae family and is occasionally cultivated for its medicinal uses, which include as a treatment for diarrhea, skin wounds, fever mastitis and worms infection. However, current research about the mechanisms of the anticancer potential of va. Comparative chemical composition of leaves of some antidiabetic medicinal plants.
Diabetes control and treatment vernonia amygdalina contains biologicallyactive compounds known as coumarins, flavonoids, anthraquinone, phenolic acids, saponins, sesquiterpenes, xanthones, terpenes, steroids, lignans and edotides. Figure 1 depicts the various traditional uses of vernonia amygdalina. Corrosion inhibition of stainless steel using plant. Azadirachta indica, vernonia amygdalina and gongronema latifolium. Vernonia amygdalina has also been fed to broilers, where it was able to replace 300 g kg1 of maizebased diet without affecting feed intake, body weight gain and feed efficiency teguia et al. Vernonia amygdalina is traditionally used in ethiopia to treat various diseases. Examples of these bioactive constituents are alkaloids, tannins, saponins. Journal of chemical engineering and industrial biotechnology v220178096 83 table 2. Experimental details materials preparation mild steel of composition wt% mn 0.
The mean values of the proximate composition and gross energy analysis of the leaf meal and leaf protein extracts are shown in table 1, table 2. Vernonia amygdalina is among the plants used by herbalists of migori county, kenya as a dewormer. Vernonia amygdalina is a valuable medicinal plant that is widespread in west africa, it is known as bitter leaf due to its characteristic bitter taste and flavour, and canbe used as an active anticancer, antibacterial, antimalarial and antiparastic agent. It is a vegetable, commonly used in foods and traditional medicine in tropical africa. The anticancer activities of vernonia amygdalina extract. The secondary metabolites in the leaf were identified to establish a relationship between them and their therapeutic properties. Jun 23, 2011 a number of chemical compounds including edotides, and sesquiterpene lactones have been isolated form the leaf of vernonia amygdalina.
The biologicallyactive compounds of vernonia amygdalina are saponins and alkaloids, terpenes, steroids, coumarins, flavonoids, phenolic acids, lignans, xanthones and anthraquinone, edotides and sesquiterpenes. Phytochemical, ethnobotany, vernonia amygdalina, therapeutic properties, ethnomedicinejournal of pharmaceutical and allied. Toward the chemical ecology of medicinal plant use in. Journal of chemical engineering and industrial biotechnology v220178096. Isolation, structural elucidation, and bioactivity studies of. Nutritive value and haemolytic properties in vitro of.
Vernonia amygdalina va is a woody shrub that can grow up to 5 m tall, belonging to the family of asteraceae. Phytochemical analysis of vernonia amygdalina and ocimum. Vernonia amygdalina has been a known food and medicinal plants used in asia and. Essential oil composition, nutrient and antinutrient analysis of vernonia mespilifolia less research journal of botany 2017, 12 2, 3845. Scientists reveal that bitter leaves extract helps to reduce the blood estrogen level in the body by suppressing the activities of aromatase. Keywords sokoto, vernonia amygdalina, antibacterial activity, phytochemical analysis. The phytochemical screening and ethno botanical importance of the leaf of vernonia amygdalina del. Phytochemical analysis and proximate composition of vernonia amygdalina.
Several investigators have isolated and characterized a number of chemical compounds with potent biological activities from the leaves of vernonia. Vernonia amygdalina, a member of the daisy family, is a small shrub that grows in tropical africa. Comparative chemical analyses of vernonia amygdalina and azadirachta indica leaves c. Vernonia amygdalina del asteraceae is a small shrub with dark green leaves and rough barks growing predominantly in tropical africa but has been domesticated in many parts of west africa igile et al. It is produced mainly from sorghum grain sorghum vulgare and the process of brewing involves malting, mashing, souring, fermentation and packaging locally brewed. Impact of green manures of vernonia amygdalina and. Notably, medicinal plant extracts may be a potential source for treatments of breast cancer. Pdf on jan 10, 2017, okpe oche and others published chemical constituents and nutrient composition of carica papaya and vernonia amygdalina leaf extracts find, read and cite all the research. Antibacterial and antioxidant compounds from the flower.
Vernonia amygdalina va has many usages in tropical africa, either for food or medicinal purposes. The chemical and elemental constituents of vernonia amygdalina and azadirachta indica leaves were investigated. Traditional users report that this plant possesses observable health benefits. Comparative chemical analyses of vernonia amygdalina and azadirachta indica leaves. Nov 27, 2019 analysis of the chemical composition of vernonia and chromolaena. Comparative study of condiment vegetable basil leaf. Phytochemical and biological study on saabfat 7 with a. Journal of complementary and alternative medical research, issn. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the nhexane. Vernonia amygdalina, a widely grown shrub plant in africa is consumed as vegetable and has high medicinal value.
Vernonia amygdalinaare green with a char acteristic odour and bitter taste. Vernonia amygdalina asteraceae vernonia amygdalina, a member of the asteraceae family, is a small shrub that grows in the tropical africa with petiolate leaf of about 6 mm diameter and elliptic shape. Corrosion inhibition and adsorption properties of ethanol extract of vernonia amygdalina for the corrosion of mild steel in h 2so 4 a. Assessment of the phytochemical constituents and invitro. The leaves are useful components for herbal medicine constitution. To check the effect of bitterleaf vernonia amygdalina extract on the locally brewed sorghum beer.
The resulting powdered extract was used in running a phytochemical test. Leaf, medium to dark green, with or without sparse hairs above, with fine, soft, pale hairs below and. The bitter and related constituents have been isolated fromvernonia amygdalina compositae, a plant ingested by wild chimpanzees possibly suffering from parasiterelated diseases in the mahale mountains national park, tanzania. Vernonia amygdalina is commonly called bitter leaf because of its bitter taste. Parameter percentage composition % of leaves ocinum gratissimum vernonia amygdalina moringa oleifera sem moisture. The corrosion inhibition of stainless steel, coated with vernonia amygdalina bitter leaf and azadirachta indica dogoyaro and immersed in hydrochloric acid solution, tetraoxosulphate iv acid solution, trioxonitrate v acid solution, and exposed to the atmosphere, was investigated in. The young leaves are used as an antihelmintic, antimalarial, laxativepurgative, enema, worm expeller and fertility inducer in subfertile women. Phytochemical and pharmacological prope of vernonia. As part of an investigation into the antidiabetic mechanism of some indigenous medicinal plants, the proximate, vitamins and mineral elements and phytochemical compositions of azadirachta indica, vernonia amygdalina and gongronema latifolium were quantitatively determined using standard methods and compared. Offor department of biochemistry, ebonyi state university, abakaliki, nigeria abstract. Chemical composition of vernonia amygdalina collected form different reference. Vernonia amygdalina vernonia amygdalina are commonly called bitter leaf in english because of its bitter taste. Material and methods a healthy and improved authenticated breed of vernonia amygdalina used for this study was obtained from vegetable garden located near erelu dam of oyo town and authenticated.
Leaves of vernonia amygdalina commonly known as bitter leaf is widely consumed in the subsaharan regions of africa. Studies on the nutritional composition of vernonia amygdalina found its nutritional content to conform to the results obtained for green leafy vegetables. The cooked leaves are a staple vegetable in soup and stews of various cultures throughout equatorial africa. Chemical composition of common leafy vegetables and. It can also act as a repellant against certain bugs, nematodes, aphids and insects. The chcl 3 extract after silica gel column chromatography has led to the isolation of two compounds identified as tricosane 1 and vernolide 2, while the acetone extract furnished isorhamnetin 3 and luteolin 4.
Preharvest and postharvest factors affecting bioactive compounds from vernonia amygdalina del. Okpe oche 1, attah rosemary 1, ojowu john 1, edenta chidi 2, samuel m. Phytochemical composition of dry azadirachta indica and vernonia amygdalina leaves. Pdf chemical constituents and nutrient composition of. This study therefore considers the properties of leaves of the plant as alternative sources of an antacid and carminative drug.
The methanol extract of vernonia amygdalina, after repeated chromatography led to the isolation of a different compound, one of this compound mm4 is partially characterized based on the spectral data ir, 1h nmr, c nmr, and dept and extracts from vernonia amygdalina has been shown to have antimicrobial activity. In vivo biochemical assessment of aqueous extracts of vernonia. Nutritional assessment of vernonia amygdalina leaves in. Comparative chemical analyses of vernonia amygdalina and. Several investigators have isolated and characterized a number of chemical compounds with. Nutritional, therapeutic and toxicological risk assessment. Comparative chemical composition of leaves of some antidiabetic. To compare the results from the chemical analyses of locally brewed sorghum beer with bitterleaf extract and sorghum beer brewed without bitterleaf. It contains many nutrients and phytochemicals such as iodine, alkaloids, anthraquinones, edotides, sesquiterpene lactones and steroid glycosides. Chemical composition of vernonia amygdalina collected form. Bitter leaves wood ash can be used to treat and control seedborne fungi.
Composition of vernoniaamygdalina and its potential health. Chemical tests were carried out on the bitter leaf extract to identify. Evaluation of antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of vernonia. Pdf comparative chemical analyses of vernonia amygdalina. The use of bitterleaf vernonia amygdalina extract as a. The objective of this study is to compare bitter leaf vernonia amygdalina and basil leaf ocimum gratissimum condiment vegetable. However, in contrast to the meters described as the height of the tree by some authors 1416, the species found around the department of wildlife and fisheries, university of ibadan. Vernonia amygdalina is a medicinal plant of great importance that has its fresh leaves rich in vitamins and salt hence, it is valuable in human diet. Nutritive value and haemolytic properties in vitro of the. The antioxidant, antiinflammatory and analgesic activities of its acetone leaf extract were evaluated in this study to validate its folkloric use. Comparative chemical composition of leaves of some. More than 500 species of vernonia genus are distributed in africa and asia, approximately 300 in mexico, central and south america and around 16 can be found in the united states yeap et al.
Effect of different processing methods on nutritional. Phytochemical and biological study on saabfat 7 with a focus. Vernonia amygdalina is a widely grown shrub plant in africa consumed as vegetable and has high medicinal value. Information on chemical composition of these plants can be generated for further advanced research work. In general, va showed antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, and anticancer activities. The anticancer activities of vernonia amygdalina extract in. These bioactive compounds are associated with the plants health benefits. Analysis of the chemical composition of vernonia and chromolaena. Aug 14, 2015 health benefits of bitter leaf vernonia amygdalina the leaves are widely used as a remedy for fever and are known as quinine substitute in nigeria.
Phytochemical constituents and ethnobotany of the leaf. The aim of this study is to isolate and elucidate the structure of some of the chemical constituents from the leaf of vernonia amygdalina and its bioactivities. These chemical elements contained in the aqueous extract of vernonia amygdalina allow it to have a very powerful phytotherapeutic potential adebayo and al. Similarly, the bioflavonoid complex otherwise known as kolavion have been characterized from the seed of garcinia kola. The leaves of cymbopogon citratus, pimenta racemosa, vernonia amygdalina, ocimum basilicum and the barks and the leaves of garcinia lucida and of adansonia digitata commonly used in palm wine preservation were analyzed for their chemical composition. The leaves of the leaves of both plants contained varying concentrations of phytochemical components. Phytochemical and biological study on saabfat 7 with a focus on vernonia amygdalina. Eddy 2, 1department of chemistry, michael okpara university of agriculture, umudike, abia state, nigeria. It also went further to extract the sample using three different solvents.
Isolated from the plant were four known sesquiterpene lactones, seven new steroid glucosides, and two aglycones of the glucosides. Prospective bioactive compounds from vernonia amygdalina. Isolation, structural elucidation, and bioactivity studies. Phytochemical analysis, analgesic and antipyretic properties. Several stigmastanetype saponins such as vernoniosides a 1, a2, a 3 3, b 2, b 3, a 4. Breast cancer is currently the leading cause of cancerrelated deaths among women globally. In this study, va chemical components were studied in order to find active chemical compositions against breast cancer.
Antioxidant properties, bioactive compounds, chemical composition, health benefits, vernoniaamygdalina. Chemical constituents and nutrient composition of carica. Extraction and characterization of bioactive compounds in vernonia. In my study, va chemical components were studied in order to find active chemical compositions against breast cancer. Antioxidative and chemopreventive properties of vernonia.
It is a perennial plant with height between 1 m and 6 m nwosu et al. The amazing health benefits of bitter leaf vernonia amygdalina. Qualitative phytochemical screening of bitter leaf. Bamigbetan department of biochemistry, college of medicine of the university of lagos,p. Vernonia amygdalina phytochemicals and medicinal plants.
Native to nigeria west africa and widely grown in africa, va is also found in asia, and is especially common in singapore and malaysia. Phytochemical screening of vernonia amygdalina leaves grown with and without the addition of plant protection products is carried out and presented intable 2. Similarly, the chemical analysis revealed the presence of fat, protein, carbohydrate, fibre, ash and moisture, necessary for human growth and development vernonia amygdalina has been found useful in ethnomedicine. Phytochemical analysis and proximate composition of vernonia. The leaves are used either as a vegetable macerated leaves in.
Table 3 shows the laboratory result of the chemical composition of vernonia and chromolaena leaves. Chemical composition of some natural palm wine preservatives. It has gained wide application in the treatment and management of various diseases. The leaves exhibit a characteristic odor and bitter taste, explaining its common english. Home archives vol 8 no 18 2009 articles comparative chemical composition of leaves of some antidiabetic medicinal plants. Nutritional, therapeutic and toxicological risk assessment of.
Vernonia amygdalina scientific classification kingdom. Vernonia amygdalina va is a woody shrub reported to have not only diverse therapeutic effects but also anticancer properties. Pdf comparative chemical composition of leaves of some. The aim of this research study was to determine the chemical composition and invitro anthelmintic activity of vernonia amygdalina extract. Onugbu igbo, efo ewuro yoruba, shakwa shuwaka hausa, etidot cross river state of nigeria botanical name. Vernonia amygdalina has been a known food and medicinal plants used in asia and africa west africa due to its pharmacological effects antioxidant, antidiabetes, anti inflammatory, anticancer, antimalaria, and among others. Locally brewed beer sorghum beer is an indigenous alcohol average.
Vernonia amygdalina is commonly called bitter leaf because of its bitter. Vernonia amygdalina is a shrub that grows predominantly in. The amazing health benefits of bitter leaf vernonia. Sample collection and identification the leaves of. This prompted us to isolate bioactive compounds from the flowers of this plant. Adsorption and thermodynamics study of the inhibition of. Chemical analysis of va vernonia amygdalina organic. Chemical constituents and nutrient composition of carica papaya and vernonia amygdalina leaf extracts. Accepted 22 january, 20 this research was carried out on the aqueous extracts of bitter leaf vernonia amygdalina to evaluate. Proximate analysis, mineral content, amino acid composition. Compounds isolated from vernonia amygdalina several investigators have isolated and characterized a number of chemical compounds with potent biological activities from the leaves of vernonia amygdalina.
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